Estonia Household Debt to GDP stands at 41.29% as of December 2024, up from 39.57% a year earlier. The reading sits in the 63rd percentile of its history back to 1995.
| Latest (December 2024) | 41.29% |
| One year ago | 39.57% |
| 10-year range | 39.33% – 42.82% |
| All-time range | 4.58% (1995) – 59.33% (2009) |
| Standing | Highest since 2020 |
| Change over 5 years | +1.0 pts — peaked at 42.82% in 2020 |
| Percentile vs. full history | 63rd |
| History | 1995–2024 (30 observations) |
What Estonia's households owe, as a share of the economy — mortgages, consumer credit and other borrowing by individuals, measured against GDP. High and rising household debt has historically preceded weaker consumption and deeper recessions, because servicing it competes with spending; the level that counts as high differs a great deal by country, so the direction and the distance from Estonia's own history matter more than the number itself. Debt here means debt INSTRUMENTS: loans and debt securities plus currency and deposits, trade credit and other accounts payable. The IMF publishes a narrower measure too, and the two are not the same number — every sector on this site uses the broader one so the figures can be compared with each other. Annual, so it moves slowly and revisions to past years are normal. Data: IMF Global Debt Database.
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<a href="https://www.tacticalassetallocation.com/charts/estonia-household-debt-to-gdp/">Estonia Household Debt to GDP — Cambria Chart Lab</a>
Data: download CSV (source: IMF Global Debt Database).